| Abduction: |
A
movement from a midline (as opposed to adduction) |
| Adduction: |
A
movement toward a midline (as opposed to abduction) |
| Afferent: |
Conveying
a fluid or a nerve impulse toward an organ or area (as opposed
to efferent) |
| Ampulla: |
A
sac like dilation of a canal |
| Analogous: |
Similar
in function or appearance but having a different origin or structure
(compared with homologous) |
| Anastomosis: |
A
natural communication between two blood vessels |
| Anatomical
Position: |
The
body is upright with the arms and hands turned forward |
| Anomaly: |
A
structure that is unusual or abnormal |
| Anterior: |
Towards
the front of the body (as opposed to posterior) |
| Aponeurosis: |
A
fibrous sheet of collagenous bundles serving as a connection
between a muscle and its attachment |
| Articulation: |
A
union between different bones. |
| Caudal: |
Toward
the "tail"; inferior |
| Coronal
Plane: |
A
vertical plane at right angles to the sagittal plane that divides
the body into anterior and posterior portions |
| Cranial: |
Relating
to / or towards the skull/head |
| Deep: |
Away
from the surface (as opposed to superficial) |
| Dermatome: |
An
area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve |
| Distal: |
Away
from the point of origin of a structure (as opposed to proximal) |
| Dorsal: |
Relating
to the back or posterior portion (as opposed to ventral) |
| Efferent: |
Conveying
a fluid or a nerve impulse away from a central organ (as opposed
to afferent) |
| Evaginate: |
To
protrude from; an out-pouching, forming a sac or tube |
| Extension: |
A
movement at a joint resulting in separation of two ventral surfaces
(as opposed to flexion) |
| Fascia: |
Connective
tissue lying beneath the skin enveloping muscle groups and various
organs |
| Flexion: |
A
movement at a joint resulting in approximation of two ventral
surfaces (as opposed to extension) |
| Fistula: |
An
abnormal communication between two organs |
| Foramen: |
A
natural opening found primarily in a bone |
| Fossa: |
A
pit or depression |
| Frontal
Plane: |
Same
as coronal plane |
| Ganglion: |
A
collection of nerve cell bodies located outside the brain or
spinal cord |
| Horizontal
Plane: |
A
transverse plane at right angle to the long axis of the body |
| Inferior: |
A
term indicating that a given structure lies beneath another |
| Insertion: |
The
site of an attachment of a muscle, tendon, or aponeurosis to
bone |
| Lateral: |
Located
away from the midline |
| Ligament: |
A
band of fibrous connective tissue joining two bones |
| Lumen: |
Opening
within a tubular organ or vessel |
| Meatus: |
A
tube like opening within a bone |
| Medial: |
Situated
close to or at the midline of the body or organ (as opposed to
lateral) |
| Median: |
Centrally
located, situated in the middle of the body |
| Motor: |
Denoting
axons that convey impulses from the central nervous system to
muscles or glands producing movement or secretion (as opposed
to sensory) |
| Palpate: |
To
examine by pressing or touching |
| Para: |
Prefix
denoting along side or next to |
| Patent: |
Open
or exposed |
| Peri: |
Around
or surrounding an object |
| Plexus: |
A
network of nerves or vessels |
| Posterior: |
Relating
to the back or the dorsal aspect of the body (as opposed to
anterior) |
| Postganglionic: |
Situated
distal to a ganglion |
| Preganglionic: |
Situated
proximal to a ganglion |
| Prevertebral: |
In
front of the vertebral column or vertebrae |
| Process: |
A
marked prominence protruding from a bone marking site of attachment
of muscles |
| Prone: |
Position
of the body in which the ventral surface faces down (as opposed
to supine) |
| Retro: |
Prefix
meaning situated behind |
| Rotation: |
Move
around a fixed axis |
| Sagittal
Plane: |
A
vertical plane extending in an antero-posterior direction dividing
the body into right and left parts |
| Sensory: |
Axons
conveying information from the periphery into the central nervous
system (as opposed to motor) |
| Septum: |
A
partition dividing two cavities or masses of soft tissue |
| Superficial: |
On
or near the surface (as opposed to deep) |
| Superior: |
Above
in relation to another structure; toward the head (as opposed
to inferior) |
| Supine: |
Position
of the body in which the ventral surface faces up (as opposed
to prone) |
| Tendon: |
A
fibrous band of dense regular connective tissue that attaches
a muscle to a bone |
| Transverse
Plane |
Same
as horizontal plane |
| Tubercle: |
A
small rounded elevation on a bone |
| Tuberosity: |
A
relatively large protuberance from the surface of a bone |
| Valgus
Position: |
Term
relates to the alignment of segments of the upper and lower limbs.
Position in which the distal bone is abducted with respect to
the proximal bone. |
| Varus
Position: |
Term
relates to the alignment of segments of the upper and lower limbs.
Position in which the distal bone is adducted with respect to
the proximal bone. |
| Ventral: |
Refers
to anterior part of body (as opposed to dorsal) |
